E-NAMTILADYSONA - Life Science2708-62911120200401The study of purified secondary metabolites extracts of Bacillus subtilis and its chemotaxis effect on biofilm-forming bacteria11310372010.30493/dls.2020.103720ENEman A. Al-ImaraDepartment of Biotic Evolution- Marine Science Center, Basrah University, Basrah, IraqGhaidaa J.A. Al-GazzawyDepartment of Biology, Collage of Education for Pure Science, Basrah University, Basrah, IraqJournal Article20191014Chemotaxis is the movement of a single cell organism as a reaction to a chemical stimulation in its surrounding environment. Biofilm-forming bacteria are the cause for numerous major health and environmental problems. Bacterial extracts were proven to induce negative chemotaxis reaction against biofilm-forming bacteria and biofilm development. Therefore, using and enhancing these extracts are considered as promising methods in pharmaceutical production and environmental science. In this study, twenty <em>Bacillus</em> isolates and five biofilm-forming bacteria (targeted bacteria) isolates from different water and sediments samples of different areas in Basra province were biochemically diagnosed. Secondary metabolites of <em>Bacillus</em> isolates were extracted and analysed. Total proteins in the extracts were determined using Biuret method and the highest two isolates (BS8) and (BS14) with 13.78 and 12.02 g/l protein, respectively were chosen for the experiment. GC-MS results showed the existence of compounds with proven high antimicrobial properties such as type D-amino acids, N-cyclopropyl carbonyl-, butyl and esters such as d- proline, N-methoxycarbonyl, and pentyl ester. Afterwards, the chemotaxis nature of the purified extracts was studied. The results showed that both extracts had a negative chemotaxis toward the targeted bacteria represented by transparent halos without bacterial growth around the spot where secondary metabolites extracts of <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> were placed. <em>K. kristinae</em> was the most affected species in regards of growth inhibition zone diameter with 23 and 24 mm for (BS8) and (BS14) extracts respectively, while <em>P. aeruginosa</em> was the least affected with 19 and 18 mm for (BS8) and (BS14) extracts respectively.E-NAMTILADYSONA - Life Science2708-62911120200401The corrective effect of an NASM based resistance exercise on genu varum deformity in teenage football players141910372110.30493/dls.2020.103721ENHamed Shams Abrighshams higher education institution for science and technology, Tabriz, IranAmir MoghaddamiThe Department of Physical Education and Sport, Atatürk University, Erzurum, TurkeyJournal Article20191211<strong>Background:</strong> The study of the factors affecting the enhancement of physical performance of individuals has been a subject of research for many years. Knee joint plays an essential role in supporting the body and transferring its weight during various activities. Therefore, it is important to fully understand knee anomalies to correct and reduce the effects of these abnormalities. The nature of football exercise can cause postural disorders in the athletes' joints, especially the knee joint. Genu varum deformity is the most common disorder among football players which can be improved by facilitating certain corrective exercises. Among these exercises, the national academy of sports medicine (NASM) method has previously shown effectiveness in correcting many deformities including genu varum.<br /><strong>Methodology:</strong> Out of 200 Tabriz teenage football club players, 28 individuals with genu varum deformity were purposefully selected and divided into experimental and control groups. A resistance exercise based on the national academy of sports medicine (NASM) method was performed by the experimental group players for 8 weeks with 6 sessions per week and for 60 minutes per session.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> The results of the present study indicated a significant difference in genu varum severity between the control and experimental groups after exercise (<em>p </em>=0.05) with significant improves in the experimental group (<em>p </em>=0.001).<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> NASM based resistance exercises were capable of improving the state of genu varum deformity in teenage football players.E-NAMTILADYSONA - Life Science2708-62911120200401Genetic similarity comparison between some Iranian and Middle Eastern sheep breeds using mitochondrial control region sequencing202410508510.30493/dls.2020.105085ENAbdulaziz HamadalahmadDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, IranDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Aleppo, SyriaMohie AlmeziadDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Aleppo, SyriaAli JavadmaneshDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran0000-0001-6016-5905Journal Article20191101Sheep has been an essential source of food to the inhabitants of the Iranian plateau for centuries. Furthermore, this geographic area is considered the original place of sheep domestication. Phylogenetic studies are highly important in understanding the evolutionary relationships among species. This understanding assists in decision making and planning for genetic resources conservation programs. Analyzing sequences of mitochondrial genome regions provides more reliable evidence regarding the genetic diversity and evolutionary origin of the species, due to the high rate of mitochondrial genome evolution compared to the nucleus. The aim of this study was to use the sequence of mitochondrial control region to investigate the phylogenetic relationship and genetic distances between some domestic sheep breeds of Iran and other Middle Eastern countries. For this purpose, blood samples were collected from Zel, Dalagh, and Mehrabani sheep breeds. After DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out using specific primers for the targeted mitochondrial genome. Then, PCR products were purified and a standard sequencing was performed. Sequences obtained from this study were compared with other (NCBI) registered sequences of Middle Eastern breeds. Analysis of phylogenetic tree of the main haplotypes of sheep revealed that Zel breed was grouped in the haplotype B with other thin-tailed breeds, such as Karayaka and Sakiz. On the other hand, Mehrabani sheep breed was placed in the haplotype A along with other Middle Eastern fat-tailed breeds such as Naeimi and Saidi. This study provided additional proof for the use of control region sequence as a precise method of genetic distance estimation among sheep breeds.E-NAMTILADYSONA - Life Science2708-62911120200401A descriptive study for the strategic role of human resource flexibility as a full model of organizational ambidexterity in Isfahan Payame Noor University253510508610.30493/dls.2020.210157ENMonireh KetabchiDepartment of Management, Faculty of Management, Economics and Accounting, Payame Noor University, IranJournal Article20191202The behavior, practice, and skills of human resources can be effective in advancing the organizational goals of universities. Therefore, the strategic role that staff might play in the university to achieve its goals and maintain its position is an issue worth being addressed. The purpose of the article was to examine how human resource flexibility in the university facilitates organizational ambidexterity and performance. The research hypotheses were tested by forming a structural equation of the research variables using the partial least squares method. The studied population consisted of Payame Noor University of Isfahan staff members. The results of this research showed that flexibility of human resources is positively related to organizational ambidexterity. This relationship was observed in each of the three components of Human Resource (HR) flexibility including behavioral, skill, and practical flexibility. However, the results also indicated no significant effect for organizational ambidexterity on performance. Furthermore, no positive effect for human resource flexibility on university performance was observed whether directly or mediated by organizational ambidexterity. This study shows that the goals and tasks of Payame Noor University will only be achieved through the flexibility of its human resources in its three aspects. E-NAMTILADYSONA - Life Science2708-62911120200401Bacteriological contamination status and phytochemical characteristics of Al-Chibayish marsh regional plants364310508710.30493/dls.2020.220731ENRaghad MouhamadMinistry of Science and Technology, Baghdad, Iraq0000-0003-3335-254XAreej HusseinDepartment of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Diyala, IraqMohammed MJafaarMinistry of Science and Technology, Baghdad, IraqJournal Article20200222This study aims to evaluate the status of Al-Chibayish marsh water and regional plants in regards to bacterial contamination and to investigate the phytochemical characteristics of the region’s plants. For this purpose, water samples were collected from three different sites of Al-Chebaysh marshes located in Dhi Qar Governorate, south of Iraq in 2017 to investigate water bacteriological contamination. Additionally, samples of five different plant species were collected from the same region to evaluate plant bacterial contamination status as well as their phytochemical characteristics. Water and plant samples were then examined by bacterial culture and powdered dry plant samples were analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Bacteriological results showed that water was worryingly contaminated with clear bacterial contamination in the local flora. The major chemical compositions of the studied local plant were within the normal ranges under pollution conditions with clear signs of antibacterial potentials in S. natans and Ceratophyllum ssp. Additionally, FTIR spectroscopy results showed that many of the regional plants contain various important phytochemical functional groups which increase their importance in the marsh ecosystem sustainability.